Why Should'nt i dope

Why should’nt i dope

In the past, there had been many people who dope themselves with high performance drugs. Philip Adam, a competitor in Shooting, was found to have dope himself with Hydrochlorothiazide. Similarly, Shoaib Akhtar, a competitor in the game of cricket, was also found with Nandrolone and was eventually suspended from the game. Indeed, why do people dope themselves with these drugs? Possibly, it was for 2 main reasons: Pressure and the desire to outshine their fellow competitors. Following that, we shall mention about the consequences of doping and we should not dope.

One of the main reasons competitors dope is that they are under the pressure of their country. This affects a competitor even more if the country they are representing happens to be the host country. The competitors felt that they have a responsibility to ace their game and do their country proud. Moreover, they are also under immense pressure from their coach. Most will train for countless of hours to attain the first position in their game. However, some might resort to underhanded means to win it. These include doping of performance improving drugs to even “poisoning” other athletes.

Doping is also driven by the athletes motivation to win their game and do their country proud. It could also result from spite between 2 athletes, whom one athlete might choose to dope himself with drugs to beat the other athlete. In some cases, the coach might not even know about the doping issue, leading to problematic athlete-coach relations.

On the other hand, Doping could lead to serious consequences such as death. Doping is dangerous and unethical. It also serves no purpose in attaining glory for a country once the cat is let out of the bag.

Once Amphetamin was used in sports such as rugby to improve the players aggressiveness. However, after much research it was found to cause a lack of judgement that could lead to death if used too frequently. Often, the drugs used to improve the performance of athletes have a side effect that could lead to serious consequences. Once or twice in a few years would we chance upon a athlete having problems due to the taking of performance improving drugs. Our human body have a limit to the output( performance) it can release during a competition. Consumption of these drugs thus forcibly cause the athletes to perform beyond their limits, leading to problems such as a nervous breakdown after the game. Morever, it is also unethical to use them.

Doping can be likened to cheating in a game. Is cheating ethical? It does not respect other athletes who play the game fair and square. The Olympic games is created to honour the best athletes and to allow friendly competition between countries. Winning is not everything. Just as what Zig Ziglar said : Winning is not everything, But the effort to win is.

Indeed even though the athelete who dope himself might gain a minute or two of fame, is it worth harming the body and lying to the doping testers? Moreover, the doper will have to carry the secret to his graveyard, for it will bring national outrage should it get leaked out. Carrying this burden is no easy task to handle and that is why i should not dope.



References: image from http://www.bicycle.net/wp-content/uploads/2007/04/no-doping.jpg

References

http://singapore2010.sp.edu.sg

Our References

1.http://www.prostatecancerfoundation.org/

2.http://www.google.com/

3.http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/prostate

4.http://www.hpb.gov.sg/diseases/article.aspx?id=592

5.http://www.youtube.com/

6.http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/prostate-cancer/DS00043

Videos

Orchiectomy

taken from Youtube

Learn more about it here

Prostatectomy

Cryotherapy

Prognosis

FACTS AND FIGURES

Prostate Cancer is one of the most deadly cancers in the world. The survival rate for prostate cancer is around 56%-65%( National Statistics – UK Government Census, 2001)

The Deaths from Prostate cancer hovers around 31,729 deaths reported in USA 1999 (NVSR Sep 2001)

15 in every 1,000 men die during the first 15 years after diagnosis of prostate cancer (The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol 291, 2004)

Complications

COMPLICATIONS

As the Cancer Progresses, It may lead to complications such as the difficuly in urinating.

They are as followed:

Spread of cancer-

Prostate cancer can spread to nearby organs or travel through your bloodstream or lymphatic system, affecting your bones or other organs. Treatments for prostate cancer that has spread can include hormone therapy, radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

Pain-

Although early-stage prostate cancer typically isn't painful, once it's spread to bones it can be. Not all people with cancer that has spread to bones have pain, but in some cases, pain is intense and doesn't go away. Treatments directed at shrinking the cancer often can produce significant pain relief. Medications ranging from over-the-counter pain relievers to prescription narcotics can alleviate pain. If your pain is severe, you may need to see a pain specialist. While it's not always possible to make all of your pain go away, your doctor will work with you to try to control pain to a point where you're comfortable. If you're in serious pain, tell your doctor. Pain can be controlled, and there's no reason you have to suffer.

Difficulty urinating

Treatments include behavior modifications , exercises to strengthen pelvic muscles, medications and catheters. Your doctor may suggest more aggressive procedures. These include implanting an artificial urinary sphincter, placement of a sling of synthetic material to compress the urethra, or the injection of bulking agents

Erectile dysfunction (ED) or (impotence).

It is the result of the cancer or its following treatments.

Medications to treat ED include sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis) and vardenafil (Levitra).

Depression

Many men may feel depressed after a diagnosis of prostate cancer. Treatment such as counseling or antidepressant medication can make a big difference. Talk to ur doctor for more information

Treatment

Prostate Cancer Treatment

Consult a urologist, a radiation oncologist and a medical oncologist for treatments and outcomes when dealing with Prostate cancer

Active Surveillance

Prostatectomy-removal of prostate, either whole or part of it

Radiation therapy-direct radioactive exposure to kill the cancerous cells

hormone therapy-
Prostate cancer feeds on testerone. Stopping hormone production will remove a large part of cancer cells, but not those which does not feed on testerone


two types of hormone therapy are

orchiectomy-
removal of testes and LHRH agonists-
blocking the production of luteinizing-hormone releasing hormone so that testosterone will not be produced from LHRH
chemotherapy-
Usage of Drugs to kill or halt the growth of cancer cells Eg.docetaxel (Taxotere)

Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy, also known as cryosurgery or cryoablation was rarely used. With this approach, probes are inserted into the prostate through the perineum (the space between the scrotum and the anus), and delivers argon gas or liquid nitrogen , "freezing" to death the prostate cells and any tumors.

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound

High-intensity focused ultrasound, or HIFU, is the opposite of cryotherapy: with HIFU, the prostate cells are "heated" to death. A probe is inserted into the rectum and high-intensity ultrasound waves are delivered to the cancerous area

Diagnosis

Diagnosis (Gleason Scores and Staging the Disease)




The Biopsy



During a biopsy, needles are inserted into the prostate to gather tissue using ultrasound imaging. It may cause some discomfort or pain, but the procedure is short, and usually hospital stays are not required

Gleason Grading and Gleason Scores

Prostate cells are constantly reproducing and dying and look the same as other Prostate Cells. But cancer cells look different, and the degree to which they look different from normal cells is what determines the cancer grade. "Low-grade" tumor cells tend to look very similar to normal cells, whereas "high-grade" tumor cells often do not resemble normal cells.

The Gleason grading system accounts for the five distinct patterns that prostate tumor cells tend to go through as they change from normal cells. The scale runs from 1 to 5, where 1 represents cells that are very nearly normal, and 5 represents cells that do not look normal at all

After examining the cells under a microscope, the pathologist looking at the biopsy sample assigns one Gleason grade to the most common pattern, and a second Gleason grade to the next most common pattern. The two grades are added, and the Gleason score, or sum, is determined.
It tends to predict the aggressiveness of the disease and how it will behave. The higher the score, the more aggresive the cancer is

Staging the Disease
Staging determines the extent of prostate cancer. Localized prostate cancer that the cancer has not spread beyond the prostate. Locally advanced prostate cancer means that most of the cancerous cells are still within the prostate(note: not all). In metastatic disease, the prostate cancer has spread outside the prostate.
A number of tests can be used to help determine the stage of disease. Eg, It be detected through CT scans, MRIs, or x-rays, or more through bone scans. It cannot be used to determine the stage of the disease, to guide treatment options, or to predict outcomes.
Metastatic often can be detected in the lymph nodes. Cancers that spread to more distant organs travel through the lymphatic system, a system important in fighting infection and disease. During a biopsy, or, lympth nodes will be examined for traces of prostate cancer tissues.